Martial Arts Terminology

Martial Arts Styles

 

Names

Master Instructor - Shihan - Hanshi / Sa Bom Nim / Shifu

Your instructor's instructor - Si Gung

Instructor - Sensei / Kyo Sa Nim / Si Fu

Low assistant instructor - Fuku shidoin

High assistant instructor - Shidoin

Senior Student - Senpai / Sun Beh Nim / Si Hing (male) Si Je (female)

Peer Student - Dohai

Junior Student - Kohai

Black Belt holder of 5th Dan and above - Kodansha

Black Belt holder below 5th Dan - Yudansha / Yu Dan Cha

Student below Black Belt - Mudansha

Judo Student - Judoka

Karate Student - Karateka / Kwan Won

Aikido Student - Aikidoka

Kung Fu Student - Si Dai

Martial Artist - Bushi / Wu shu jia

 

Training Terms

Martial Arts - Bushido / Moo Do / Wu Shu

Karate is for defense only - Karate ni sente nashi

Training Hall - Dojo / Do Jang / Kwoon

Etiquette - Kun

School Creed - Dojo Kun

Rank below Black Belt - Kyu / Gup / Paihang

Rank of Black Belt - Dan

Uniform - Gi (Belt - Obi) / Do Bahk (Belt - Dee) / Yifu - Sam (Sash - Yaodai)

Moment of meditation/reflection - Mokuso / Mukyum

Calm mind, ready for instruction - Mizu no kokoro

Center of body (center of all techniques, just below navel) - Hara / Tanden / Tan Tien

Internal engery - Ki / Chi

Internal bone force - Geng

External force expressed - Fa Jin

Learning by imitating - Manabu

Instruction - Gorei

Person giving instruction - Goreisha

Person executing technique - Tori

Person receiving technique - Uke

Hard technique - Go / Kang Fa

Soft technique- Ju

Technique - Waza

Fundamental (basic) - Kihon / Wu Shu Ji Ben Gong

Practice Form - Kata / Hyung / Kuen-Quan Shi

Form interpretation - Oyo

Form application - Bunkai (Yakusoku Kumite)

Sparring - Kumite / Deh Ryun / Dui lian-San shou

Sticking Hands (Sensing-Pushing Hands) - Chi Sao

Exercise - Taiso / Undong

Deep breathing exercises - Kokyu / Qigong

Preparation exercises - Junbi Taiso

Health exercises - Kenko Taiso

Floor stretches - Junan Taiso

Partner backstretch - Shinwa Taiso

Arm Swinging - Bai Bei

Leg Swinging - Bai Dong Tul

Standing Training - Zhan Zhuang

Stances - Dachi / Jase / Jia zi

Blocks - Uke / Mahk Kee

Breakfalls - Ukemi, Chil Sik Sul

Throwing - Nage / Nak Sul / Kwou - Shuai

Shout - Kiai / Ki-hap / Qihe

Basic Technique - Kihon / Kee Cho / Ji shu

Focus of power- Kime / Shi Sun

Seizing the initiative and attacking just before your opponent does - Sen no sen

Allowing opponent to attack first to look for openings for counter-attack - Go no sen

Moving inside your opponent's attack - Irimi

Simultaneous attack and defense - Kobo Ichi

Greetings stance - Gassho no kamae

Kneeling - Seiza

Line up - Narande / Chul Sa

Line up by rank - Keiretsu

Face the instructor - Sensei ni

Face your senior - Otaigai ni

Attention - Kiotsuke / Cha Ryut

Bow - Rei / Kyung Ret / Yishi Jugong

Ready Position for instruction - Yoi / Joon Bee Jase

Ready position for technique - Kamae-te

Hands up - Age-te

Proper distancing between partners - Ma-ai

Begin - Hajime / Shi Jok / Kaishi

Block - Uke / Mahk Kee

Parry - Barrai / Ge Dang

Strike (Attack) - Uchi / Kong Kyuk / Da-Jin Gong

Counter Strike (Counter attack) - Fan Gong

Give up - Fang Qi

Turn - Mawate / Tora

Stop/Return to standing ready - Yame / Ba-ro / Ting

Relax - Yasume / Shio / Sung

Stop or Wait - Matte / Go Mon

Training directions -

Spirit shout - Kiai / Kihap

Class is finished - Keiko Shu Ryo

 

* (Languages listed in order: English, Japanese, Korean, Chinese)

 

Basic Greetings and Salutations

I understand and will try to do my best - Oss

Good afternoon - Konnichiwa / Ahn Young Ha Say Yo

Please - Kudasai

Thank you - Domo arigatou / Kahm sa ham nee da

Thank you for teaching us - Con Sa Hom Nee Dha

You're welcome - Jer maenyo

Yes - Hai / Nha

No - Ahn Nee Yoe

Sorry or Excuse me- Sumimasen / Mee On Hom Nee Dha

Hello - Moshi Moshi / Onyonghe asayo-Ahn Young Ha Sim Nee Kah

Goodbye - Sayonara / Onyonghe gasayo

Go in peace - Ahn Young Hee Kah Say Yo

I welcome you to train with me - Onegai Shimasu

 

 

Numbers

Counting from 1 - 10 in Japanese

Ichi, Ni, San, Shi, Go, Roku, Shichi, Hachi, Ku, Ju

 

Counting from 1 - 10 In Korean

Ha-na, Tul, Set, Net, Ta-sot, Yo-sot, Il-gop, Yo-dul, A-hop, Yol

 

Counting from 1 - 10 in Chinese

Yi, Er, San, Si, Wu, Liu, Qi, Ba, Jiu, Shi

 

If you would like more information about Grace Martial Arts classes in the Tampa area, contact Mark McGee at mmcgee@gmaf.org.

 

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